Level



G. nEuEsoN.

LEVEL. APPLICATION FILED IAN. 2 4, |921.

1,436,454. Patented Aug. 22, 1922`f y ltion is to reduce the cost o fsuch levels by malrlngit possible to use Vup strips of wood y which are too small 1n cross section to make 'rss rar-aar ericeff4 GUSTA'VE BREDESON, 0F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO EDWARDS AND 'POWELL COMPANY, OFCHCAGO, LLINOIS, ACORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.'

LEVEL.

To @ZZ whom it may concern.' c

Be it known that l, GUsTAvn BnnDi-zsoN, a citizen of the United States, and aresident of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of lllinois, have invented certain new and useful improvements in a, Level, of which the following is a specification.

inventionrelatesv to improvements in artisans levels andfhas special reference to levels made principally of wood. The object of my invention is to provide a level construction which shall result in a level of lightweight and low cost; which level shall be substantially permanent as to form, inother words, which shall not tend to warp or becomedistorted underv the rough usage and weather conditions to which inasons and such like levels `are subjected in use? `Another important object of my invena complete body by combining several strips and permanently joining them together :so

unitary` structure.

Another feature relates to the production of a levelbody having vhard wood edges Aand a softer wood center portion, the edges providing excellent wearing partsv and the body not being subject to. weather checks or cracks and hence more permanent than a single piece hardwood body.4

Y, lnl another aspectmy invention resides in a three rpiece level,vthe outer pieces being hard wood for wear, and thefthree pieces that the body when completed is an integral .fbeing..,bound, permanently together bythe doweling action lof cement inserts in which the .leveltubes are held. Furthermore the v edge pieces are so formed that, the Ametal end plates andtheir screws serveto bindthe stripsuponthe middle or body. portion'.

My inventionwill vbe, clearly understoodl by reference to the followingz description,

takenin conjunction with theqaceornpanying drawings forming ,part of this specification, and in which I jhaveillustrated a level made in accordance with nyinvention.v

In said drawingsz- Figure l is a side view of the level; vFigure 2 is a cross-section on the line 2 2 of Figure l;

Figure 3 is a fragmentary central longi tudinal section on the line 3-3 of Figure l;

'taining of theI glue the joint between the f The three part body has another noty Specification of Letters IPatent. patented Aug. 22, 922. 'Application med January 2519.21. serial nq. 439,506. l i

the line 5-5 of Figure 4, ywith theend plate Y v i60 val'lcentral body portion P/.extending from .end to end andedge strips or portions, y3

also extending fromend to end. Preferably i the body portion is 4provided in each edge with a central longitudinal groove 4t and ythe edge strips 'are `each' provided `with central longitudinal tonguesy which are adapt-W ed to c ompletelyll the grooves 4g,- Preferably the-twofsides vof each groove 'are. parallel vwith each other so thatthe edgestrips can bei` placed Vdirectly into the' grooves and "avoid the necessity of placingy thernin the grooves endwise, thus facilitating "the reedge stripsy and the'4 body portion which wise.

'might be removedif the edge strips were required tobe entered into' fthe groove s end- The edge strips '3 can'VA evidently be kproduced out Vof,strips'or edgings which would` otherwise be wasteI ymaterial and befing madeof hard wood they provide `wearingedgeson the level which are adapted to f satisfactorily withstand the 'hardzrough us y age to which such levels aref subjectedfl i It is obvious'thatV I [may make'the main ,body portion2 ofwhat is termed softwood or of f 'l ight "weight Wood such fas pine or white wood, which is no tA so subject` to weather checks or cracks as hard wood,' or

that for other purposes ,I may make the body portion 2 of hard `wood ,similar tothe edges; in both'easesl preserve the advan- .edginge Ojr ,Strips 1 i 1 tages of maliingjuse of which would "otherwise be waste.

advantage over ya one piece body, which is that a body made up0 f.severa l different piecesof wood united Iby suitable glueand other fastenings 'orffdowels `Aand having. 4'the grain severed in c' several "planes,A eliminates the warping tendency 'whichlsusually present when such articles are made of` lsingle pieces of wood'.V`

The fedgestrips 2being `provided withinwardly extending tongues, IMI am-. enabled to secure the, end platesf by' Ameans,l of screws o 6 whichv enter into the tongue portions of the strips and thus clamp and firmly hold the ends of the edge strips to the body portion, even thoughthe glue with which they are joined should in time fail to hold the parts together.

Near each end of the level I yprovide transversely arranged level tubes 7 which are mounted within the body of the level'in openings 8. For mounting these tubes I provide pockets in the outer walls of the openings 8 in which the ends of the ,tubes are received. In building the level I preferably mount the two edge portions on the body portion making the two tongue and groove joints as permanent as possible by `the use of suitable glue. I then produce the openings 8 extending through the body portion from. side to side of the level. The transverse dimensions of the openings v8 are somewhat less than the distance between the bottom of the two grooves 4L so `that Walls 9 remain at each side of the openings 8 which are a part of the middle section 3.

I then bore holes l0 at an angle and outwardly from L.the side surfaces of the openingsr 8, two at each side through the wall 9 and the `adjacent tongue' 5 andwhich holes cut into the inner corners-of the middle portion 3 at the outer edges of the grooves as shown at 11. Having provided the necessary inclined holes, two in each side of each of the openings 8 for [two transverse tubes in each opening, I then proceed to mount the level tubes 7` lin place by means of a hardening cement, such as plaster Paris. I -fill theholes 10 with the cement and then Aforcel the tubes into the inner ends ofthe holes, setting them inv the cement `which hardensand holds them permanently in place.' The ycement which fills the holes l()l and hardens therein rforms rigid ydovvels or interlocks permanently and securely connecting the edges 2 tor and upon the body Yportion 3 at several points spaced between the ends of Athe level and lthese interlocks hold the several parts of the level together even though Athe glue joints not 'last permanently.

, I protect the level tubes 7 by means of glass plates 8 secured in said openings 8, lone at each side and secured in place by any suitable means suchasffasteners `and putty.

Asl is usual in such levels, I provide longitudinally extending level tubes in themidvdle part of the body in an opening 13.

` A level constructed' in accordance with umy invention remains in properusable shape and condition much longer V"than those inthe making of whichholesare cut through the .edges 'being la@ fined ether'v with meel 'such as screws, or with wooden `plugs or otherwise. 'Ihe edges of my improved-.level are continuous 'from end to end with no v openings or holes v and no part which may become loose and thus protrude anddestroy land will remain permanently in its proper shape, and is provided with wearing edges.

As many modifications of my invention will readily suggest themselves to one skilled in the art, I do vnot limit or confine my invention tothe specific details of construction herein shown and described.

I claim:

l. In a level of the kind described, acentral body member having central longitudinal grooves in its edges, edge strips having longitudinal centralwtongues entering said grooves, the central Vmember having an opening for receiving level glasses, the level body provided with level receivingpockets extending outwardly on each side from said opening in the central body portion and into the edge strips and hard cement in said pockets adapted to interlock the parts I,together and serve vas mountings .for the level glasses. f

2. .In alevel, a longitudinal body portion having. edge strips thereon, and inclined dowels projecting outwardly through the body portion and into the edgestrips.

3. In a level, a longitudinal body portion non-metallic `having central longitudinal grooves inits edges, edge strips having centrallongitudinal tongues iilling ysaid grooves, the body portion having openings for `level glasses,

tion having central longitudinal grooves in its edges, edge strips'havingcentral longitudinal tongues filling saidv grooves, the y body portions and edge strips having regis tering openings Iitted with hardened cement interlocking the ,strips with the body portion. "A" 5. In a level ofthe kind described, a longitudinal central portion having central ,lon-

Vgitudinal .grooves in its edges, edge' strips having central longitudin'al tongues filling said grooves, the 4central 4portion provided with a plurality of levelI receiving openings between its ends', 'ands inclined openings extending vfrom the side lof the level openings outwardly through i the central portion and the tongues of theside strips and entering the inner'corner ofthe middle portion at the Iouter edges of the grooves, and adapted to'receive a' hardening cement, as and'forthe'pur'pose specified'.

' Signed at Chiea-gd'in the countyi'o'f Cook and State of Illinois, this' of anu-k ary 1921.

eUs'rAvE eannnsoiv. 

